Empirical evidence of indeterminacy of translation in Brazilian ethnographic studies

Main Article Content

Rogério Passos Severo
Gilson Olegario da Silva

Abstract

Willard Quine never quite managed to find empirical cases of indeterminacy of translation. His reasons for affirming it remained abstract and theoretical, having to do with how language in general is used and how it relates to observations. He did come up with a few illustrations, but they were all contrived — which brings up doubts regarding the empirical standing of the thesis. This paper responds to those doubts by exhibiting actual cases of translations that meet Quine’s criteria for indeterminacy. They come from the ethnography of Amerindian peoples.

Article Details

Section
Other Themes
Author Biographies

Rogério Passos Severo, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)

Associate Professor in the Department of Philosophy at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Ph.D. in philosophy from the University of Illinois at Chicago. Member of the Philosophy of Science Association, the American Philosophical Association (Central Division), the Brazilian Society for Analytic Philosophy, and the Brazilian Association for the Philosophy of Religion. Contributor to the Forum for Quine and the History of Analytic Philosophy (University of Glasgow) and the Laboratory of Epistemology of Religion (University of Brasília). He was a Research Fellow in 2020–21 for the LATAM Bridges in the Epistemology of Religion project at the University of Houston. He coordinates the outreach projects “Arquipélago Filosófico” and “Janelas Filosóficas” (UFRGS). His research focuses on the philosophy of science, theory of knowledge, philosophy of language, metaphysics, and philosophy of religion.

Gilson Olegario da Silva, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)

He is a postdoctoral researcher at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). He holds a Ph.D. from the Graduate Program in Philosophy at the State University of Campinas (Unicamp); a master’s degree in Philosophy from the Graduate Program in Philosophy (PPGF-UFSM) at the Federal University of Santa Maria; and a bachelor’s degree in Philosophy with a full teaching license from the same university. His interests and research focus on issues related to the philosophy of science, logical positivism, and the reevaluation of Rudolf Carnap’s philosophy—particularly the foundations of scientific theories and their formal structuring.

References

ÅRHEM, K. Ecosofia makuna. In: CORREA, F. (ed.). La selva humanizada: ecologia alternativa en el trópico húmedo colombiano. Bogotá: Instituto Colombiano de Antropología, 1993. p. 109-126.

COLLIN, F.; GULDMAN, F. Meaning, use, and truth: introducing the philosophy of language. Hampshire: Ashgate, 2005.

DAVIDSON, D.; HINTIKKA, J. (ed.). Words and objections. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1969.

DURSTON, A. Pastoral Quechua: the history of Christian translation in colonial Peru, 1550-1650. Indiana: Notre Dame University Press, 2007.

GRÜNBAUM, A. Philosophical problems of space and time. New York: A. Knopf, 1963.

HYLTON, P. Translation, meaning, and self-knowledge. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, v.91, n.1, p. 269-290, 1991.

HYLTON, P. Quine. New York: Routledge, 2007.

IIDA, T. Professor Quine on Japanese classifiers. Annals of the Japan Association for Philosophy of Science, p. 111-118, 1996.

LAUGIER, S. Quine, entre Lévy-Bruhl et Malinoski. Philosophia Scientiae, v.6, n.2, p. 31-60, 2002.

LÉVI-STRAUSS, C. Race and history. Paris: UNESCO, 1952.

LEVY, E. Competing radical translations. Boston Studies in Philosophy of Science, v.8, p. 590-605, 1971.

LIMA, T. S. The two and its many: reflections on perspectivism in a Tupi cosmology. Ethnos, v.64, n.1, p. 107-131, 1999.

LIMA, T. S. Um peixe olhou para mim: o povo Yudjá e a perspectiva. São Paulo: UNESP, 2005.

MARSHALL, B. (ed.). The 1986 Stanford conversation between Quine, Davidson, Dreben, and Føllesdal. Journal for the History of Analytic Philosophy. No prelo.

MASSEY, G. J. Indeterminacy, inscrutability, and ontological relativity. American Philosophical Quarterly, Monograph 12, p. 43-55, 1978.

POINCARÉ, H. Science and hypothesis. New York: Walter Scott, 1905.

QUINE, W. V. Word and object. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1960.

QUINE, W. V. Ontological relativity and other essays. New York: Columbia University Press, 1969.

QUINE, W. V. On the reasons for indeterminacy of translation. Journal of Philosophy, v.67, n.6, p. 178-183, 1970.

QUINE, W. V. Theories and things. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1981.

QUINE, W. V. Indeterminacy of translation again. Journal of Philosophy, v.84, n.1, p. 5-10, 1987.

QUINE, W. V. Pursuit of truth. ed. rev. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1992.

QUINE, W. V. Quine's responses. In: ORENSTEIN, A.; KOTAKTO, P. (ed.). Knowledge, language and logic: questions for Quine. Dordrecht: Springer, 2000. p. 407-430.

RAFAEL, V. Contracting colonialism: translation and Christian conversion in Tagalog society under early Spanish rule. Durham: Duke University Press, 1992.

SEVERO, R.; SCHÜLER, G. Quine's argument "from above". European Journal of Philosophy, v.30, n.2, p. 601-607, 2022.

STUART, M. T.; FEHIGE, Y.; BROWN, J. R. Thought experiments: state of the art. In: STUART, M. T.; FEHIGE, Y.; BROWN, J. R. (ed.). The Routledge Companion to Thought Experiments. New York: Routledge, 2018. p. 1–28.

VERHAEGH, S. Gavagai! The evolution of Quine's indeterminacy theses. Journal for the History of Analytical Philosophy. No prelo.

VILAÇA, A. Chronically unstable bodies: reflections on Amazonian corporalities. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute (N. S.), v.11, p. 445-464, 2005.

VILAÇA, A. Conversion, predation and perspective. In: ______; WRIGHT, R. M. (ed.). Native Christians: modes and effects of Christianity among indigenous peoples of the Americas. Surrey: Ashgate, 2009. p. 147-166.

VILAÇA, A. Praying and preying: Christianity in indigenous Amazonia. Oakland: University of California Press, 2016.

VILAÇA, A. The devil and the hidden life of numbers: translations and transformations in Amazonia. HAU: Journal of Ethnographic Theory, v. 8, n. 1/2, p. 6-19, 2018.

VIVEIROS DE CASTRO, E. Cosmological deixis and Amerindian perspectivism. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute (N. S.), v. 4, p. 469-488, 1998.

VIVEIROS DE CASTRO, E. A inconstância da alma selvagem. São Paulo: Cosac Naify, 2002.

VIVEIROS DE CASTRO, E. Perspectivismo e multinaturalismo na América indígena. O Que Nos Faz Pensar, vol. 14, no. 18, pp. 225-254.

VIVEIROS DE CASTRO, E. Perspectival anthropology and the method of controlled equivocation. Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America, v. 2, n. 1, p. 3-22, 2004.

VIVEIROS DE CASTRO, E. Metafísicas canibais. São Paulo: UBU, 2018.

VIVEIROS DE CASTRO, E. The relative native: essays on indigenous conceptual worlds. Chicago: HAU Books, 2016.